Nā mea hoʻokaʻawalehe mau mana insulation kūikawā hiki ke hoʻokani i kahi hana koʻikoʻi i nā laina hoʻouna ma luna.I nā makahiki mua, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā insulators ma nā pou pono, a ua hoʻomohala mālie ʻia i mau hale kiaʻi pili uea kiʻekiʻe kahi i kau ʻia ai nā insulators like ʻole he nui ma kekahi kihi.Ua hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻonui i ka mamao o ke kolo, i hana mau ʻia me ke aniani a i ʻole ka seramika, a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he insulator.Hoʻokani nā insulators i ʻelua hana maʻamau i nā laina hoʻouna ma luna, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā uwea a me ka pale ʻana i ke au mai ka hoʻi ʻana i ka honua.Pono e hōʻoia ʻia kēia mau hana ʻelua.ʻAʻole pono nā insulators ma muli o nā koʻikoʻi electromechanical like ʻole i hoʻololi ʻia i ke kaiapuni a me nā kūlana ukana uila.A i ʻole, ʻaʻole e hana nui ka insulator, a e hōʻino ia i ke ola lawelawe a me ke ola hana o ka laina holoʻokoʻa.
mea hoʻokaʻawale: He mea ia e hoʻoponopono a hoʻokuʻu i ka uea ma luna o ka hale kiaʻi ma ke ʻano insulated.ʻO nā insulators maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā laina hoʻoili uila:
Hoʻopaʻa lāʻaunā mea ʻokoʻa hoʻohuihui.(1) ʻO nā insulators omole Porcelain: ʻO nā insulators porcelain home he kiʻekiʻe o ka pōʻino, pono e ʻike i nā kumu waiwai ʻole, a loaʻa kahi hana mālama nui.
I ka wā o ka uila a me ka pollution flashovers, hiki i nā ulia hāʻule o ke kaula ke hiki mai, a ua hoʻopau ʻia lākou.(2) Glass insulator: ʻAʻohe ona pahū ponoʻī, akā haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o ka pahū ponoʻī (maʻamau he mau ʻumi tausani).ʻAʻole pono ka nānā ʻana no ka mālama ʻana.I ka hihia o ka pahū ponoʻī o nā ʻāpana aniani i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, ʻoi aku ka ikaika mechanical koena ma mua o 80% o ka ikaika haki, hiki ke hōʻoia i ka hana palekana o ka laina.ʻAʻole e loaʻa nā ulia pōpilikia i ka wā o ka uila a me ka pollution flashovers.Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā wahi pollution Class I a me Class II.(3) Composite insulator: Loaʻa iā ia nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hana anti-pollution flashover maikaʻi, ke kaumaha māmā, ka ikaika mechanical kiʻekiʻe, a me ka mālama liʻiliʻi, a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā wahi pollution o ka pae III a ma luna.
Nā Insulators Porcelain: Ua ʻike maʻamau ʻia nā insulators he ʻōmole porcelain, ʻo ia nā insulators i hoʻohana ʻia e kākoʻo i nā uea.Hiki i nā insulators ke hōʻoia i ka lawa o ka insulation no nā conductors, nā lima keʻa a me nā hale kiaʻi.Hiki iā ia ke pale i ka ukana ma ka ʻaoʻao kūpaʻa o ka uea a me ka haʻalulu i ka ʻaoʻao ākea i ka wā o ka hana.ʻAʻole paʻa ia i ka lā, ka ua, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau a me ka ʻino kemika.No laila, pono e loaʻa i nā insulators nā waiwai uila maikaʻi a lawa ka ikaika mechanical.He mea nui ka maikaʻi o ka insulator i ka hana palekana o ka laina.Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā insulators i ke kākoʻo insulators, suspension insulators, anti-pollution insulators a me bushing insulators e like me ko lākou ʻano.Wahi a ke kumu, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: nā laina insulators, substation support insulators a me nā bushings.E like me ka mea o ka insulator.I kēia manawa aia nā porcelain, aniani a me nā insulators composite organik.ʻO nā insulators i hoʻohana ʻia i nā laina o luna ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i nā insulators pine, insulators butterfly, insulators hoʻokuʻu, nā lima keʻa porcelain, insulators rod a me nā insulators tension.ʻElua ʻano o nā hewa uila i loko o nā insulators: flashover a me ka haki.Hiki ke Flashover ma ka ʻili o ka insulator, a ʻike ʻia nā kaha kuni, akā maʻamau, ʻaʻole nalowale ka hana insulation;ʻO ka haʻihaʻi i loko o ka insulator, a ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma ke kino keramika ma waena o ka pāpale hao a me ka wāwae hao.Hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia nā insulators e ka arcing.No ka haʻihaʻi ʻana, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia i ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana hoʻokuʻu a me nā wela o nā wāwae hao.I mea e pale aku ai i ka lepo e like me ka lepo e lana ana mai ka pili ana i ka ili o ka insulator, ua hanaia he ala i wawahiia e ka volta ma na welau elua o ka insulator, oia hoi, creepage.No laila, hoʻonui ʻia ka mamao o ka ʻili, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mamao kolo, a ʻo ka mamao i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ka ʻili insulating, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka mamao leakage, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka mamao kolo.
Ka lōʻihi o ka creepage=ka lōʻihi o ka ʻili / ka mana kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻōnaehana.E like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pollution, ʻo ka mamao o ke kolo ʻana he 31 mm/no ka kilovolt ma nā wahi i haumia loa.Hiki ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka volta e like me ka helu o nā insulators, maʻamau, 23 no 500kv;16 no 330kv;220kv 9;110kv 5;ʻo kēia ka helu liʻiliʻi loa, a hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha.ʻO ka laina hoʻouna 500kv hoʻohana maʻamau i nā mea hoʻokalakupua ʻehā, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻehā no ka pae hoʻokahi, hoʻohana ʻo 220kv i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelua conductors mahele, a hoʻohana ʻo 110kv i hoʻokahi.Ma kahi o 1 insulator he 6-10KV, 3 insulators he 35KV, 60KV laina ʻaʻole i emi iho ma mua o 5 ʻāpana, 7 insulators he 110KV, 11 insulators he 220KV, 16 insulators he 330KV;He 500KV maoli ka 28 insulators.No nā pin insulators ma lalo o 35KV, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa i ka helu o nā ʻāpana.Hoʻohana maʻamau nā laina 10KV ma luna o 10-12m i nā pou sima hoʻokahi a me nā insulators pine.ʻO ka mamao o ka laina pololei ma waena o nā pou ma kahi o 70-80m.ʻAʻohe pahu hao no 10KV, he pou wale nō me ʻekolu laina kiʻekiʻe-volt ma luna.He mea maʻamau ma nā kua'āina;35KV laina maʻamau e hoʻohana i 15-mika hoʻokahi a i ʻole ʻelua pahu sima (e hoʻohana pū i kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā hale kiaʻi hao liʻiliʻi, aia ke kiʻekiʻe i loko o 15-20 mika) a me 2-3 mau ʻāpana insulators butterfly, ka laina pololei ma waena o nā pou. ma kahi o 120 mika;ʻO 220KV he hale kiaʻi hao nui.Hoʻohana maʻamau nā laina ma luna o 220KV i nā hale kiaʻi hao ma luna o 30 mika a me nā kaula lōʻihi o nā insulators lele.ʻOi aku ka mamao ma waena o nā hale kiaʻi hao ma mua o 200 mika.ʻO nā insulators composite: ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hana palekana o ka ʻōnaehana mana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hilinaʻi o ka lako mana he hōʻailona koʻikoʻi no ka loiloi o nā hui mana, a ʻo ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā mea ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe he ala kūpono ia e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia pilikia.Ma ke ʻano he huahana hou, ʻo ka silicone rubber composite insulator ka maikaʻi o ke kaumaha māmā, ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, anti-flashover, kūpaʻa ʻelemakule, mālama ʻole a mālama ʻole, a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā laina 35kV a me 110kV.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-30-2023